Chapter 17
Endocrine System

 

1.     Know the selected vocabulary of chapter 17.

  1. Know the overall function of the endocrine system.
  2. Know what hormones are.
  3. Know the components of the endocrine system (hormone, target cells, endocrine glands, endocrine organs) and know the function of each and how they interact.
  4. Know the major organs of the endocrine system by name and be able to identify their locations in the body.
  5. Know the differences between the nervous system and endocrine.
  6. Know the location and functions of the hypothalamus.
  7. Know the relationship between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
  8. Know what tropic hormones are.
  9. Know what ‘releasing hormones’ are.
  10. Know what the ‘adenohypophysis’ and ‘neurohypophysis’ are.
  11. Know the location of the pituitary gland.
  12. Know the hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and know the target organ and effects of each.
  13. Know how the hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland.
  14. Know the hormones stored and released by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and know their target organs and effects.
  15. Know where oxytocin and ADH are produced.
  16. Know how growth hormone levels change during the aging process.
  17. Know the location and hormones released by the Pineal gland and know the effects of the hormones.
  18. Know the location and hormones released by the thymus gland and know the effects of the hormones.
  19. Know the location and hormones released by the thyroid gland and know the effects of the hormones.
  20. Know the location and hormone released by the parathyroid gland and know the effects of the hormone.
  21. Know the location and hormones released by the adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex and know the effects of the hormones.
  22. Know the location and hormones released by the pancreas and know the effects of the hormones.
  23. Know the condition that causes insulin to be released and understand how insulin lowers blood sugar.
  24. Know the condition that causes glucagon to be released and understand how glucagon increases blood sugar.
  25. Know what the terms ‘hyperglycemic’ and ‘hypoglycemic’ mean.
  26. Know the location and hormones released by the ovaries and testes and know the effects of the hormones.
  27. Know the source and effects of ANP, erythropoietin and angiotensinogen.
  28. Understand the causes of stress effects of stress and understand the general adaptation syndrome.
  29. Understand the difference between paracrine secretions, neurotransmitters and hormones.
  30. Understand how hyposecretion and hypersecretion of hormones results in endocrine disorders.
  31. Know the differences between type-I and type-II diabetes mellitus.
  32. Understand the causes and effects of the following endocrine disorders:

·        Diabetes insipidus

·        Acromegaly

·        Gigantism

·        Dwarfism

·        Congenital hypothyroidism

·        Endemic goiter

·        Toxic goiter (Graves Disease)

·        Hypoparathyroid

·        Cushing syndrome

·        Adrenogenital syndrome (AGS)

·        Diabetes Mellitus