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ENDOCRINE
GLANDS |
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GLANDS |
HORMONES |
TARGET ORGANS |
EFFECTS |
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Anterior Pituitary |
FSH |
Testes, ovaries |
Produce sperm;
develop egg |
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LH |
Testes, ovaries |
Stimulate
ovulation, secretes estrogen and testosterone |
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TSH |
Thyroid gland |
Stimulates the
secretion of thyroid hormone |
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ACTH |
Adrenal cortex |
Stimulates the
secretion of corticosteroids |
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PRL |
Mammary glands |
Milk synthesis
and increased testosterone secretion |
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GH |
Liver, muscles,
bones, fat |
Promotes tissue
growth, protein synthesis |
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Posterior Pituitary |
OT |
Uterus &
mammary glands |
Labor
contraction, lactation |
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ADH |
kidneys |
Increased water
retention, decreased urine |
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Pineal |
Serotonin
and melatonin |
brain |
Influences mood |
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Thymus |
thymopoietin |
T
lymphocytes |
Stimulates T
lymphocytes |
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Thyroid |
T3
and T4 |
Most
tissues |
Increases metabolic
rate, heart rate and respiration |
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calcitonin |
Bone |
Increases bone
deposition, decreases blood calcium |
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Parathyroids |
PTH |
Bone,
kidneys |
Increases blood
calcium |
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Adrenal Cortex |
Aldosterone |
Kidneys |
Maintains blood
pressure and volume |
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Cortisol |
Most tisues |
Breaks down carbs, fats and proteins, inhibits immune system |
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Androgen
and Estrogen |
Many
organs |
Stimulates growth
of pubic and axillary hair, sex drive, prenatal
development of males |
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Adrenal Medulla |
NE |
Most
tissues |
Increases heart
rate, respiratory rate, blood flow to muscles, blood glucose (fight or flight
responses) |
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Pancreas |
Insulin |
Most tissues |
Lowers blood
glucose levels by storing excess carbs |
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Glucagons
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liver |
Increases blood
glucose levels by breaking down stored carbs |
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Ovaries |
Estrogen and
progesterone |
Many tissues |
Female
reproductive development, regulates menstrual cycle |
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Testes |
Testosterone |
Many tissues |
Male reproductive
development, bone and muscle growth, sperm production and libido (sex drive) |
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Other hormone producing structures |
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Heart |
ANP |
Kidneys |
Lowers blood
pressure |
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Liver |
Angiotensinogen |
Blood vessels |
Vasoconstriction |
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Liver and kidneys |
Erythropoietin |
Red bone marrow |
Stimulates
production of RBCs |
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Placenta |
Estrogen and
progesterone |
Many tissues of
mother and fetus |
Regulates
pregnancy, fetal development, prepares mammary glands |
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Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) |
Corpus luteum |
Prompts the
corpus luteum to continue secreting estrogen and
progesterone |
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